KINERJA KEUANGAN SEBAGAI MEDIATOR ANTARA EFISIENSI OPERASIONAL DAN STRUKTUR MODAL TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN

Dafa Shahwalludin Hidayat; Erwin Budianto

doi:10.35906/equili.v15i1.2786

KINERJA KEUANGAN SEBAGAI MEDIATOR ANTARA EFISIENSI OPERASIONAL DAN STRUKTUR MODAL TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN

Dafa Shahwalludin Hidayat, Erwin Budianto

Abstract

A B S T R A K

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh tingginya fluktuasi nilai perusahaan di sektor energi yang dipicu oleh volatilitas harga komoditas global, sehingga menciptakan ketidakpastian bagi investor dalam menilai prospek perusahaan. Sebagai respon terhadap dinamika tersebut, penelitian ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana efisiensi operasional dan struktur modal memengaruhi nilai perusahaan dengan menempatkan kinerja keuangan sebagai jembatan mediasi pada sektor energi periode 2022–2024. Efisiensi operasional diukur menggunakan Total Asset Turnover (TATO), struktur modal diukur menggunakan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), kinerja keuangan diukur menggunakan Return on Assets (ROA), dan nilai perusahaan diukur menggunakan Price to Book Value (PBV). Melalui pendekatan kuantitatif dan analisis SEM-PLS terhadap 27 perusahaan dengan 81 observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa TATO berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap ROA, sedangkan DER berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap ROA. TATO tidak berpengaruh langsung terhadap PBV, sementara DER dan ROA berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap PBV. Selain itu, ROA terbukti memediasi pengaruh TATO dan DER terhadap PBV. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa kinerja keuangan merupakan jalur mediasi yang krusial dalam pembentukan nilai perusahaan sektor energi.

A B S T R A C T

This study is motivated by the high fluctuations in the value of companies in the energy sector triggered by global commodity price volatility, creating uncertainty for investors in assessing company prospects. In response to these dynamics, this study explores how operational efficiency and capital structure affect firm value by placing financial performance as a mediating bridge in the energy sector for the period 2022–2024. Operational efficiency is measured using Total Asset Turnover (TATO); capital structure is measured using the Debt to Equity Ratio (DER); financial performance is measured using Return on Assets (ROA); and company value is measured using Price to Book Value (PBV), through a quantitative approach and SEM-PLS analysis of 27 companies with 81 observations. The results show that TATO has a significant positive effect on ROA, while DER has a significant negative effect. TATO has no direct effect on PBV, whereas DER and ROA have a significant positive effect on PBV. In addition, ROA mediates the effect of TATO and DER on PBV. These findings confirm that financial performance is a crucial mediating of corporate value in the energy sector.

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