PENGARUH DISTRIBUSI PENDAPATAN, PENDIDIKAN DAN INVESTASI TERHADAP KEMISKINAN DI PULAU SUMATERA

Lekat Permata, Bertha Iin Esti Indraswanti

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Tingkat kemiskinan masih menjadi permasalahan utama saat ini. Ketidakmampuan dari sisi ekonomi mengakibatkan kemiskinan meningkat di tengah masyarakat sehingga mereka kesulitan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumsinya. Pada periode September 2022 ada 15 provinsi termiskin di Indonesia termasuk 4 provinsi dari Pulau Sumatera yang masuk dalam  kategori  provinsi termiskin, diantaranya ialah Aceh, Bengkulu, Sumatera Selatan dan Lampung yang angka kemiskinannya lebih tinggi dibanding  provinsi lain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melihat pengaruh dari distribusi pendapatan, pendidikan, dan investasi terhadap tingkat kemiskinan di Pulau Sumatera. Metode analisis dalam penelitian menggunakan regresi data panel. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang dihimpun dari Badan Pusat Statistik tahun 2011 hingga 2022. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan antara distribusi pendapatan, dan pendidikan terhadap kemiskinan di Pulau Sumatera. Akan tetapi investasi tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kemiskinan di Pulau Sumatera. Melaui pemerataan distribusi pendapatan, serta meningkatkan pendidikan dan investasi diharapkan dapat mampu menurunkan kemiskinan untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup masyarakat di Pulau Sumatera.

Kata kunci: Kemiskinan, Distribusi Pendapatan, Pendidikan, Investasi

ABSTRACT

The level of poverty remains a significant issue at present. Economic inability has led to an increase in poverty within the community, making it difficult for them to meet their consumption needs. In September 2022, there were 15 of the poorest provinces in Indonesia, including 4 provinces from Sumatera Island that fell into the category of the poorest provinces. These provinces include Aceh, Bengkulu, South Sumatera, and Lampung, which had higher poverty rates compared to other provinces. The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of income distribution, education, and investment on the poverty level in Sumatera Island. The research utilized panel data regression analysis. The data used in this study were secondary data collected from the Central Bureau of Statistics from 2011 to 2022. The research results indicate a significant influence of income distribution and education on poverty in Sumatera Island. However, investment does not have a significant impact on poverty in Sumatera Island. Through income distribution equalization and by enhancing education and investment, it is hoped that poverty can be reduced to improve the quality of life for the people in Sumatera Island.

Keywords: Poverty, Income Distribution, Education, Investment.


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.35906/jep.v9i2.1734

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